The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
However, the southern French side struck two times late to take a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 years.
